This research article by Conrod (2023) explores the cognitive and pragmatic distinctions between two uses of the singular pronoun “they”: “Underspecified singular they” and “Personal singular they.” The study addresses how these forms are cognitively represented and utilized in discourse, particularly in light of their growing social significance in relation to nonbinary identities.

Conrod proposes that “Underspecified singular they” is employed when the gender of the referent is unknown or irrelevant, while “Personal singular they” is specifically used when the referent’s personal pronouns are they/them. The study synthesizes empirical evidence, highlighting that the acceptability of singular they varies based on discourse specificity rather than merely the presence of gender. For instance, “they” is more readily accepted for referents with less defined identities, while personal pronouns are preferred when more detail is provided about the referent.

The findings have important implications for understanding pronoun usage in communication science and linguistics. They suggest that the choice between these forms is not solely based on gender representation but is influenced by the mental representation of the referent within a given discourse context. This nuanced understanding can inform language technology, translation studies, and broader discussions on gender inclusivity in language.

Source: glossa-journal.org